History and Origin
The Dogue de Bordeaux, also known as the French Mastiff, is an ancient breed with roots in southwestern France. Its origins trace back to 14th-century France, where it was used for guarding estates, pulling carts, and even hunting large game such as boar and bear. The breed faced near-extinction after the French Revolution but was revived in the 19th century. It gained international fame after appearing in the film Turner & Hooch. Recognized by the American Kennel Club (AKC) in 2008, the Dogue de Bordeaux remains a symbol of French heritage.
Appearance
The Dogue de Bordeaux is a muscular, imposing breed with a large head and a short muzzle. Males stand 23–27 inches (58–68 cm) tall at the shoulder and weigh 110–145 pounds (50–65 kg), while females are slightly smaller, 23–26 inches (58–66 cm) and 99–120 pounds (45–55 kg). Their coat is short, fine, and comes in shades of fawn, from light to dark, often with a black or red mask. The skin is loose, especially on the head, forming wrinkles. The breed is known for its massive, square head and powerful jaws. The tail is thick and usually carried low.
Temperament
Despite its formidable size, the Dogue de Bordeaux is gentle, loyal, and affectionate with its family. It is known for being calm and patient, making it a good companion for children. However, it can be stubborn and requires a firm, consistent hand in training. The breed is protective and can be wary of strangers, making early socialization essential. It generally gets along with other pets if raised with them, but it may be aggressive toward unfamiliar dogs of the same sex. This breed is not overly energetic but enjoys moderate playtime and lounging.
Suitability
- Families with children: Yes, with supervision due to size. The breed is tolerant and gentle.
- Apartment living: Not ideal due to size and drooling, but possible with sufficient exercise.
- First-time owners: Not recommended. Their size and stubbornness require experienced handling.
Exercise and Mental Stimulation
Dogue de Bordeaux have moderate exercise needs. Daily walks of 30–45 minutes and playtime in a fenced yard are sufficient. They enjoy mentally stimulating activities like puzzle toys and obedience training. Avoid excessive exercise as puppies to protect their joints. This breed is prone to laziness if allowed, so consistent activity is important to prevent obesity.
Grooming
The short coat is low-maintenance. Brush once a week with a rubber mitt or soft brush to remove loose hair. They shed moderately. Clean facial wrinkles daily with a damp cloth to prevent infections. Bathe only when necessary. Nails should be trimmed monthly, and ears checked weekly for dirt or infection. Drooling is common, so keep a towel handy.
Health and Lifespan
The average lifespan is 5–11 years. Common health issues include:
- Hip dysplasia
- Elbow dysplasia
- Heart problems (dilated cardiomyopathy)
- Bloat (gastric torsion)
- Skin allergies
- Eye issues (cherry eye, entropion)
Regular vet check-ups, a healthy diet, and proper weight management are crucial.
Monthly Costs
| Expense | Estimated Cost (USD) |
|---|---|
| Food | $50–$100 |
| Supplies (toys, treats, grooming) | $20–$50 |
| Medical (vet, insurance) | $30–$70 |
| Total | $100–$220 |